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Phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine-containing liposomes inhibit amyloid beta and interferon-gamma-induced microglial activation. Hashioka S, Han YH, Fujii S, Kato T, Monji A, Utsumi H, Sawada M, Nakanishi H, Kanba S. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. hashioka@interchange.ubc.caAbstract There is increasing evidence that
microglial activation is one of the major pathogenic factors for
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the inhibition of the inflammatory
activation of the microglia thus appears to be neuroprotective and a
potentially useful treatment for AD. Phospholipids such as
phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) have been
reported to modulate the immune function of phagocytes. In addition,
PS has been reported to be a nootropics that can be used as
nonprescription memory or cognitive enhancers. We therefore
evaluated the effects of liposomes, which comprise both PS and PC
(PS/PC liposomes), on the microglial production of tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide (
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